Entrepreneurship as any EMERGENCE scientific FIELD is confronting with scientific legitimacy. Entrepreneurship as a scientific FIELD has received increasing attention but doesn't acceptance as well as. From this point of view entrepreneurship is confronting with legitimacy challenge. In this article Entrepreneurship as a EMERGENCE scientific FIELD that is based on the five dimension consist of: subject, strong conceptual model, distinctive methodology, the research, training and publication situation and professional implications, is discussed. The findings of this article have indicated that entrepreneurship is confronting with legitimacy challenge. To get ahead of this challenge should more pay attention to dimensions of ground conceptual model, research methodology, explorative and theoretical researches.

In order to study the effect of seed germinability on cotton commercial cultivars FIELD EMERGENCE, an experiment was conducted in 2008 in Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute (SPCRI) research FIELD. Therefore, Mehr, Varamin, Sahel and Bakhtegan cotton cultivars seeds had 70%, 80% and 90% germination which produced in 2007, planted as factorial 4´3 (4 cultivar´3 germinability) based on completely randomized block design in four replication. Then primary and final seedling EMERGENCE percent, mean EMERGENCE time, rate of FIELD EMERGENCE and commulative EMERGENCE rate, FIELD EMERGENCE index, seedling vigour index determined. Data analysis showed that studied cultivars over standard germinability seeds studied cultivars had better studied indices. Also Varamin cultivar except for seedling FIELD EMERGENCE rate had better than other studied cultivars. Therefore with due attention to cotton high seed use rate because unreliability of farmers to enough seedling FIELD EMERGENCE and establishment and in order to seed consumption decrease, totally based on this experiment results over standard germinability seeds planting was recommended.

In order to assessment of drying temperature and seed bed situations in dryer effect on seed and seedling vigour and some related characters of Canola Option500 cultivar this study was conducted. Therefore, harvested seeds after conditioning, by a batch fluidized bed seed dryer at 30, 40, 50 and 60oC temperatures and three seed bed situations in dryer: constant seed drying bed situation, fluidizing thereshold and fluidized were dryed. Then, final germination percent (normal seedling number at 7th. day after planting), abnormal seedlings number, germination speed, seedling, primary root and shoot length, seedling dry mater seedling length and weight vigour indices were determined. Data analysis cleared that seedling dry mater and abnormal seedlings number unaffected by treatments and effect of drying temperature on normal seedling number, primary root length, germination speed and seedling vigour weight index weight, seed bed situations in dryer on seedling length and seedling length vigour index and drying temperature and seed bed situations in dryer interaction effect for primary root length were significant. Also, seedling FIELD EMERGENCE, seedling leaf area and seedling dry weight in FIELD determined. Results showed that drying temperature and drying bed interaction effect was significant for this characteristics. Results revealed that by using seed drying fluidizing method for drying high moisture seed can suitably dried and protect and seed germination and seedling FIELD EMERGENCE of Canola Option500 as drying at 30 centigrade degree temperature in fix and fluidizing bed threshold and at 40 centigrade degree temperature in fluidized and fluidizing bed threshold.

The main objective of this study was to develop a seedling EMERGENCE model for faba bean, including determination of cardinal temperatures, biological day's requirement for EMERGENCE and faba bean temperature response curve. To do this, four faba bean cultivars (Barakat, Saraziri, Eraghi, and Gavi) were sown at 11 sowing dates (every month) and the number of days from sowing to EMERGENCE were recorded. Beta, Segmented, Curvilinear, Quadratic and Dent-like models were applied to describe the relationship between EMERGENCE rate and temperature. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), linear regression coefficients (a,b) and correlation coefficient (r) were used to detect the perfect model. Results indicated that response of faba bean EMERGENCE to temperature is best described by segmented function. Cardinal temperatures Estimated by this model were 0.98oC to 1.61 oC for base temperature, 24.9oC to 28.82oC for optimum temperature and the value of 35 oC was assumed as ceiling temperature. Estimation of biological days requirement by segmented model showed a significant difference between cultivars; cv. The EMERGENCE of Gavi small seeds occurced 6.65 day with the highest EMERGENCE rate (0.09 d-1). Biological day's requirement for other cultivars ranged between 8.60 and 9.72 days. The quantitative information provided by this study can be used in prediction of EMERGENCE under diverse temperature conditions.

Accurate prediction of seedling EMERGENCE in the FIELD is crucial for the performance of growth models. In order to determine thresholds of seedling EMERGENCE response to temperature, two replicated FIELD experiments were carried out at Agriculture and Natural Resource University of Khuzestan during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. In these experiments, seedling EMERGENCE of two spring canola cultivars (Hyola 401 and Sarigol) was evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications in fifteen planting dates (as environment). Thermal-time model was developed based on the Weibull probability distribution function, and thermal thresholds for seedling EMERGENCE response of two spring canola cultivars in FIELD conditions was modeled based on this function. Based on model outputs, the base temperature for seedling EMERGENCE (Tb) was estimated to be 5. 83 ° C in the hybrid Hyola 401 and 4. 16 ° C in the cultivar Sarigol. The thermal-time required to initiate seedling EMERGENCE at sub-optimal temperature range (θ T(0)) and the thermal-time needed to complete seedling EMERGENCE at supra-optimal temperature regimes without significant differences between two cultivars was estimated to be 55. 51 and 5. 65 ° C d, respectively. Maximum temperature for the 50% probability of the thermoinhibition of seedling EMERGENCE (Tm(50)) in hybrid Hyola 401 and cultivar Sarigol was estimated to be 33. 02 and 33. 30 ° C, respectively. The optimum temperature for 50% seedling EMERGENCE in the FIELD (To(50)) for hybrid Hyola 401 and cultivar Sarigol was determined to be 30. 99 and 31. 22 ° C, respectively.

The knowledge related to the methodology of the FIELD trial study as a type of intervention studies, yet for many of our researchers is not fully understood. The aim of the current study was a better understanding of conducting this type of research. FIELD trial studies are done on healthy individuals and aim to prevent. These types of studies such as clinical trials are performed on both individual and collective levels. One type of these studies is Community Intervention Trial which is usually done on a large scale population. FIELD trial study should be carried out in stages, such as the formulation of hypotheses, selection of the population (reference population, study population, and sampling), measuring the baseline variables (before conducting preventive intervention), random allocation of subjects to intervention and control groups, doing interventions and measuring outcome. The methodology of FIELD trial studies is very similar to clinical trials. The difference is that FIELD trials are conducted on healthy individuals and aim to prevent and also the sample size required to this type of study is relatively more, and these studies are usually time consuming and costly.

Hydrotime is a method to describe the relationship between water potential and seed germination rates and percentages. Hydrotime analysis quantifies the germination rate (θH), germination tolerance to water stress ( Yb) and uniformity of germination (sb) in a seed sample which are major indicators for seed vigor. In order to investigate the possibility of hydrotime model application (based on Inverse-normal distribution) to predict the seedling EMERGENCE of barley in FIELD, experiments were conducted on seven spring barley (Karoon, Zahak, Nimrooz, Hull-less, Jonoob, Reyhaneh and Behrokh) in seed technology laboratory and research farm of Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources of Khuzestan. For this, the effect of reduced water potential on seed germination of barley varieties was described using the hydrotime model. Then, correlations among the output parameters of the hydrotime model and seedling EMERGENCE of barley varieties in FIELD were investigated. Results showed that there were no significant differences among varieties in terms of standard germination percentage (P=0.2719), but seedling EMERGENCE percent in FIELD significantly affect by variety type (P<.0001). There were significant negative correlation between FIELD EMERGENCEs of barley varieties with scale (σ; with a correlation coefficient of -0.5709), mean (with a correlation coefficient of - 0.8768), median (Yb (50); with a correlation coefficient of -0.8769) and mode (with a correlation coefficient of -0.7039) of basic water potential (Yb (g)) distribution (P<0.01). According to the results, the seedling EMERGENCEs of barley varieties in FIELD increased with more germination uniformity in osmotic stress levels and higher tolerance of varieties to this stress. Therefore, this model is recommended as one of the seed vigor tests to distinguish strong and weak varieties of barley.

In order to determinate the best laboratory test for predicting EMERGENCE and establishment of sesame seedlings (Sesamum indicum, L.) at FIELD condition, an experiment was conducted in two parts using six cultivars (Yellow-white, Darab14, Sari, Gorgan, Osbomahaleh and Shiraz). Results showed that there were no significant differences among cultivars for standard germination test, seedling dry weight and seedling length. But electrical conductivity test, germination rate and germination percentage after accelerated aging for 24 and 48 hours at 45OC showed significant differences among cultivars. The results showed that electrical conductivity test and accelerated aging for 48 hours at 45 °C can well predict the percentage of seedling EMERGENCE at FIELD. Therefore, these tests can be suggested for prediction of sesame seed EMERGENCE.